Control of oxidation in butteroil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of alpha tocopherol and ascorbyl palmitate as antioxidants for butteroil stored at 45° C. Butteroil samples were treated with ascorbyl palmitate and alpha tocopherol separately and in combination. Treatment levels were: 100 ppm alpha tocopherol, 200 ppm alpha tocopherol, 500 ppm ascorbyl palmitate, 500 ppm ascorbyl palmitate plus 100 ppm alpha tocopherol and 500 ppm ascorbyl palmitate plus 200 ppm alpha tocopherol. The control was butteroil without any additives. The treated samples were stored at 45° C in an oven which excluded light. At intervals of 15, 30, 45 and 60 days the samples were tested subjectively and objectively by sensory panels and measuring the peroxide value, respectively. This study showed that alpha tocopherol did not retard oxidation in the butteroil but acted as a pro-oxidant. Ascorbyl palmitate and combinations of alpha tocopherol and ascorbyl palmitate successfully retarded the oxidation

Recognition of Facial Expressions using Local Mean Binary Pattern

In this paper, we propose a novel appearance based local feature extraction technique called Local Mean Binary Pattern (LMBP), which efficiently encodes the local texture and global shape of the face. LMBP code is produced by weighting the thresholded neighbor intensity values with respect to mean of 3 x 3 patch. LMBP produces highly discriminative code compared to other state of the art methods. The micro pattern is derived using the mean of the patch, and hence it is robust against illumination and noise variations. An image is divided into M x N regions and feature descriptor is derived by concatenating LMBP distribution of each region. We also propose a novel template matching strategy called Histogram Normalized Absolute Difference (HNAD) for comparing LMBP histograms. Rigorous experiments prove the effectiveness and robustness of LMBP operator. Experiments also prove the superiority of HNAD measure over well-known template matching methods such as L2 norm and Chi-Square measure. We also investigated LMBP for facial expression recognition low resolution. The performance of the proposed approach is tested on well-known datasets CK, JAFFE, and TFEID

IoT based Smart Hospital for Secure Healthcare System

Now a day, with the rapid use of internet and implementation as well as development of medical sensor for healthcare applications, Internet of Things (IoT) has gained raising popularity. IoT is the paradigm of connectivity, sensor connected with the embedded system. All sensor and device connected to each other so transmission and communication between those sensors become easily. In healthcare system the medical data are sensitive in nature so without considering security and privacy is worthless. Cloud computing is the most important paradigm in IT-health. All the medical data of the patient as well as the doctor and patient personal information store in local mode as well as cloud, so whenever it needed the data will be easily available.Patient medical data is stored in system as well as cloud, so malicious attack and unwanted access may cause a harmful to patient health. Security is most important and crucial part of healthcare. The access control policy is based on right to access of medical data and privilege to authorized entity which is directly and indirectly connected with the patient health

Study of iron status indicators in different phases of menstrual cycle in first year medical college females

Background: Iron requirements are increased in adolescent girls with growth and the onset of menarche and remain high in women until menopause.Methods: We conducted a study on first year medical college female students (age group 18-25 years) belonging to socioeconomic classes 1 and 2 as per the Modified Kuppuswamy’s Scale to study the effect of the phases of menstrual cycle on the iron status indicators (ISI) (Hb, Serum Iron, TIBC, MCV and TS%). Menstrual phases were defined and blood samples were drawn from all the girls in all the 3 phases (menstrual, follicular and luteal) and Hb, Serum iron and Total iron binding capacity were assessed on a semi-auto-analyzer and MCV was estimated using a fully automated CBC machine. Transferrin Saturation was derived as Serum Iron / TIBC × 100.Results: We found significant (p<0.01) difference in iron status indicators (ISI) that varied significantly in accordance to the menstrual cycle, with values highest during the luteal phase and lowest during the menstrual phase.Conclusions: The effect of hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle plays a part in the variation of iron status measures, which has to be considered while measuring them in a female during her reproductive years

Evaluation of prescription errors and polypharmacy practices in rural area at community pharmacy

Background: Prescription refers to a written request from physician to patient for compounding and dispensing of medicines. The prescription comprises detail information of patient, physician, and drugs, absence of these prescription parameters may harm the patient’s safety. Inappropriate practices like polypharmacy prescriptions must be avoided as this may lead to non-compliance.Methods: A cross section observational study was conducted at a community pharmacy from September to November 2019. Permission was taken from the registered pharmacist. Prescriptions were collected from the subjects who visited the pharmacy in rural area. A checklist was prepared including all the parameters and the prescriptions were analyzed through Microsoft excel.Results: Out of 2227 prescriptions collected, patient’s name, age and weight were not written in 10.57%, 78.41%, and 12.33% of prescriptions respectively. Physician’s name, designation and registration number were not mentioned in 18.50%, 21.14%, 29.51% prescriptions respectively. Date of issue was lacking in 12.33% prescriptions. It was found that 44.49% prescriptions were illegible. It was observed that 82.81% prescriptions possessed dosage form of drug and 32.15% dose in it. The study showed that 19.2% prescriptions were polypharmacy prescriptions.Conclusions: Prescription is an authoritative document between doctor and pharmacist therefore it needs to be precise, fastidious, and scrupulous, monitoring to identify causes, analyze errors and blemishes in the prescription. One or other parameters were lacking in every prescription. ‘Educate to medicate’ this indicates that sound knowledge is requiring to prescribe therapeutically efficacious and accurate medicines in prescription

Continuous Quality Improvement Applied to Outpatient Health Care Delivery in Displaced Persons Camps

Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) has been shown to be a highly effective approach for the evaluation and management of hospitals in developed countries, but it has barely begun to be utilised in less developed countries. This article defines the principles and the main tools of CQI and then applies them to the postemergency phase of a displaed persons camp situation, specifically towards improving the utilisation and the quality of care in an out patient department.L'Accroissement Continu de la Qualité s'est révélé une approche très efficace pour l'évaluation et la gestion des hôpitaux dans les pays développés, mais n'a à toutes fins pratiques jamais été mise à profit dans les pays moins développés. Cet article définit les principes et les principaux instruments, Accroissement Continu de la Qualité, et les applique à la phase post-urgente dans la situation des camps pour personnes déplacées. L'attention porte plus spécifiquementsur les possibilités d'amélioration de l'utilisation des services et de la qualité des soins en clinique externe

A Composite Trust Model for Secure Routing in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

It is imperative to address the issue of secure routing in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) where the nodes seek for cooperative and trusted behaviour from the peer nodes in the absence of well-established infrastructure and centralized authority. Due to the inherent absence of security considerations in the traditional ad-hoc routing protocols, providing security and reliability in the routing of data packets is a major challenge. This work addresses this issue by proposing a composite trust metric based on the concept of social trust and quality-of-service (QoS) trust. Extended from the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol, we propose an enhanced trust-based model integrated with an attack-pattern discovery mechanism, which attempts to mitigate the adversaries craving to carry out distinct types of packet-forwarding misbehaviours. We present the detailed mode of operations of three distinct adversary models against which the proposed scheme is evaluated. Simulation results under different network conditions depict that the combination of social and QoS trust components provides significant improvement in packet delivery ratio, routing overhead, and energy consumption compared to an existing trust-based scheme

High Frequency Transducer Development for Ultrasonic Tests on Ceramic Components

The detection of critical flaws in ceramics requires the use of high frequency ultrasonics. Whilst shorter wavelengths are necessary to detect low micrometer range flaws, so the higher the frequency, the higher the attenuation and so ultimate power and sensitivity is required from examining transducers. This paper outlines the development of such devices. Satisfactory transducers in the frequency range 30–100 MHz are not available commercially and the characteristics of a number of piezoelectric materials for the purpose of their development are being established. Properties such as composition, electrodes, backing and lenses are being investigated